Comparative Assessment of E-cadherin's Expression between the Metastatic and Non-metastatic Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Immunohistochemical Study

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the clinicopathological correlation of E-cadherin expression in metastatic and non-metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Material and Methods: A total of 90 paraffin-embedded tissue sections of OSCC were retrieved from the registry. The total selected samples were 45 cases each from the primary lesions of metastatic and non-metastatic OSCC. One section was subjected to routine Hematoxylin and eosin stain and another to immunohistochemical analysis for E-cadherin expression. Results: A non-significant (p˃0.05) increased expression is seen in the non-metastatic group compared to the metastatic group, with predominantly membrane as the staining site in either group. However, the expression of E-cadherin did not reveal any statistically significant association with independent variables such as age, gender, and adverse habits of the patients (p>0.05). On the other hand, with respect to the histological differentiation of OSCC, a significant association (p<0.001) was observed with the well-differentiated type of metastatic OSCC. Conclusion: E-cadherin was useful to some extent in predicting regional metastasis. However, further studies using a panel of biomarkers with increased sample size may help us understand the process involved in metastasis.

A CBCT aided assessment for the location of mental foramen and the emergence pattern of mental nerve in different dentition status of the Saudi Arabian population / Avaliação auxiliada por CBCT para a localização do forame mentual e o padrão de emergência do nervo mentual em diferentes estados de dentição da população da Arábia Saudita

Objective: The anatomy of mental foramen (MF) is a noteworthy landmark during any surgical procedures in the inter-foraminal region. Thus, the study aims at evaluating the location of MF and the emergence pattern of MN in three status of dentition in Saudi Arabian population. Material and Methods: In a prospective study, we have analyzed 240 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for the location of MF and the emergence pattern of MN. The study comprising three groups, namely dentulous, partially edentulous and edentulous, each having eighty CBCT scans. We presented the data in percentages. The chi-square and McNemar's test were used for testing association and pair-wise analysis, respectively. Results: The most common location of MF was below the apex of the second premolar irrespective of dentition status, with 54.2% in right and 60% in the left side of the jaw. Among the dentition status, left side of the mandible has shown significant variation for the location of MF, whereas gender and age showed variation in the right side. Anterior loop (AL) (Type-III) the emergence pattern of MN was the highest in all dentition status, with 51.7% in right and 53.8% on the left side. The variation in the emergence pattern of MN in terms of gender and side of the jaw was statistically significant. Conclusion: In the Saudi Arabian population, the apex of second premolar and type III/AL was the most prevalent location of MF and the emergence pattern of MN, respectively (AU)

Introdução: Objetivo: A anatomia do forame mentual (FM) é de grande importância durante qualquer procedimento cirúrgico na região inter-foraminal. Por tanto, como objetivo o estudo visa avaliar a localização do FM e o padrão de emergência do NM em três estados de dentição na população da Arábia Saudita. Material e Métodos: Em um estudo prospectivo, analisamos 240 tomografias computadorizadas de feixe cônico (TCFC) para a localização do FM e o padrão de emergência de NM. O estudo compreendeu três grupos, a saber, dentados, parcialmente edêntulos e edêntulos, cada um com oitenta imagens de TCFC. Apresentamos os dados em porcentagens. O teste do Qui-quadrado e o teste de McNemar foram usados para testar associação e análise de pares, respectivamente. Resultados: A localização mais comum do FM foi abaixo do ápice do segundo pré-molar independente do estado da dentição, com 54,2% no lado direito e 60% no lado esquerdo da mandíbula. Dentre as condições da dentição, o lado esquerdo da mandíbula apresentou variação significativa para a localização dos FM, enquanto o sexo e a idade mostraram variação no lado direito. O padrão de emergência (Tipo III) da alça anterior (AL) do NM foi o mais alto em todos os estados de dentição, com 51,7% no lado direito e 53,8% no lado esquerdo. A variação no padrão de emergência de NM em termos de gênero e lado da mandíbula foi estatisticamente significativa. Conclusão: Na população da Arábia Saudita, o ápice do segundo pré-molar e tipo III / AL foi a localização mais prevalente de FM e o padrão de emergência de NM, respectivamente. (AU)

Effective Reduction of Mental Trauma with a Multidisciplinary Approach to Treatment of Dental Trauma

The purpose of this case report and review is to present the successful management of complicated crown-root fracture of maxillary central incisor with a multidisciplinary approach. A 57-year-old male patient reported with a complaint of unpleasant appearance due to a broken 21. Clinical and radiological examination revealed a complicated oblique crown-root fracture extending below the gingival margin. The tooth was endodontically treated. Surgical crown lengthening with osseous recontouring was performed. After 7 days prefabricated temporary crown was cemented, 6 weeks after surgery fiber post was placed followed by composite core build up. The tooth was restored with a permanent restoration of porcelain fused to the metal crown with gingival porcelain. Examination after 3 months revealed the good periodontal health, esthetic, normal function and patient satisfaction. The key factor in the successful functional and esthetic rehabilitation of a complicated crown-root fracture is weighing of all the available options with a multidisciplinary approach.

Constellation of Oral Inflammatory Hyperplastic Lesions: Case Series with Review of Literature

Oral cavity, when subjected to various forms of chronic insults or microtrauma, often results in a hyperplastic lesion, commonly referred to as inflammatory reactive hyperplasia. This category includes various lesions such as peripheral fibroma, peripheral ossifying/cementifying fibroma, pyogenic granuloma, and peripheral giant cell granuloma. They are primarily seen to develop in close proximity to the source of chronic irritant and have a close resemblance in terms of biological behavior and clinical presentation. Histopathologically, they display a common feature of hyperplastic fibrous tissue, but also have some variations like the presence of giant cells or aggregate of calcified mass depending on the histogenesis of the lesion. They were the most common tumor-like lesions to be seen in the oral cavity, familiarity with these lesions are of utmost importance. The present article portrays a series of 5 cases of different clinical forms of reactive hyperplasia with a brief literature review. The current manuscript is presented with an aim to enhance the knowledge about hyperplastic lesions.

Autosomal-dominant osteopetrosis: An incidental finding.

Osteopetrosis is a descriptive term that refers to a group of rare, heritable disorders of the skeleton. Osteopetrotic conditions vary greatly in their presentation and severity, from just as an incidental finding on radiographs to causing life-threatening complications such as bone marrow suppression. It is caused by failure of osteoclast development and function. Osteopetrosis can be inherited as autosomal-recessive, autosomal-dominant or as X-linked traits, with the most severe forms being the autosomal-recessive ones. The severity of the disease is mild to moderate in the autosomal-dominant forms, with normal life expectancy. Diagnosis is largely based on clinical and radiographic evaluation. The present paper reports a case of autosomal-dominant osteopetrosis complicated by osteomyelitis with a short review of the condition.